the diagonal brace to keep the scaffolding square. Ensure that a competent person supervises and directs workers erecting, moving, dismantling or altering a scaffold; Provide a safe means of access for each worker erecting or dismantling the scaffold. [, Have rest platforms provided at a maximum of 35-foot vertical intervals. Crawling Board. An employee was constructing the third level of a tubular, welded-frame scaffold while standing on the second level. The Scaffold cross braces should never be used as a means of access. Training shall include [. The working surface was solidly planked. The competent person should use this checklist for daily inspections of the scaffold. Fasten all couplers and/or connections . [, Have uniform spacing between rungs of a maximum 16 inches. Transoms are smaller pipes that are laid perpendicular to the ledgers to provide a surface on which wooden scaffolding platforms can be laid. . Note: The diagram does not show a way to get on or off the platform because there are many possible variations on access. Scaffold tower can be erected in all shapes and sizes. It is strong, dependable, and is relatively low in cost. (True or False) _____ 3. Scaffold Frame keeps only high grade steel scaffolding in inventory, but aluminum scaffold is available on request. Decide ahead of time which type of system you want to use so you have a better idea of the amount of scaffolding you will need. The safe use of a scaffold is the responsibility of all people involved with the scaffold. Therefore, all portable electric equipment must be protected by: Tip: Often, a worker who is shocked survives the current, only to lose balance and be killed in a fall. Always use . (Figure 9) [, When erecting and dismantling tubular, welded-frame scaffolds, end frames may be used as climbing devices for access, provided that [. must be plumb and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Platforms and walkways, in general, must be at least 18 inches wide. The proper use of the scaffold, and the proper handling of materials on the scaffold. [. If using wooden planks, they must extend beyond the supporting points Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Scaffolding means a convenient platform for persons to work at height. bearer) at an angle other than a right angle, shall be laid first. Follow all state, local and federal codes, ordinance and regulations pertaining to scaffolding. [3] Lift the planks through the scaffold bars and into place. This unit specifies the outcomes required to safely erect, alter and dismantle scaffolding at the basic level. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. They are frequently used in one or two tiers by residential contractors, painters, etc., but their modular frames can also be stacked several stories high for use on large-scale construction jobs. The hazards of type of scaffold being used. If using wooden planks, they must extend beyond the supporting For most activities, there must be no more than a 14-inch gap between the scaffold platform and the structure being worked on. Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall be plumb (i.e. A scaffold can be overloaded by [. The distance between beare r s and runners shall not exceed manufacturer's re c o m-m e n d a t i o n s . As they were lifting the scaffold, the top section partially separated from the adjoining section, toppled over, and contacted a power line. Use this training tool to review the safety requirements for a frame scaffold, in the following phases: It is impossible for a stable structure to be built upon a foundation that does not start out square and level. [, Employees must be able to safely access any level of a scaffold that is 2 feet above or below an access point. Guardrails must be installed on scaffolding over 10'. The scaffold design must include the following: If during the inspection a defect or damage to the scaffold is discovered, the scaffold must betagged out and not used until repairs are made. Barricades to keep personnel out of a hazardous area. Personal Fall Arrest System. Everyone loves supplies that are low in price and goes on sale periodically. All diagonal . Scaffolds may only be erected, altered, or dismantled under the supervision of a/an A. (i) There must be a ladder or equivalent safe access. Personal fall protection must be required and provided by the employer where the installation and use of such protection is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. 4. [, Sufficient handhold on handrails, and toprails serving as handrails, for employees grasping them to avoid falling. They should be installed along all open sides and at both ends of platforms, except when used as a walkway, the platform is the main working area of the scaffold. When conditions warrant, the height of the top edge may exceed the 45-inch height, provided the guardrail system meets all other criteria. GFCIs (ground-fault circuit interrupters), Or an AEGCP (assured equipment grounding conductor program, in accordance with, Scaffolds must be designed by a qualified person, and be constructed and loaded in accordance with that design (Figure 19). Install the deck, which may be an all aluminium platform or with wood deck or scaffold planks. Install guys, ties and braces according to the manufacturers recommendations. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the supervision of a scaffold competent person. When the other end of the 2x4 slipped off the bucket, the employee did not let go of his end, and was pulled off the deck. He suffered multiple fractures to the head, left and right foot, and left wrist, and torn ligaments in the knees. Something that is "plumb" runs perpendicular to the horizonmeaning that when it intersects the horizon, it makes a right (90 degree) angle. Lanyards or connecting devices must be connected to a vertical lifeline (1st choice), a horizontal lifeline (2nd choice), or a structural member of the scaffold (last choice). We use cookies to optimize our website and our service. [, When midrails are used, they must be installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(3)]. Supported scaffold poles, frames and uprights must be plumb and braced to prevent any displacement caused by swaying. by Grant Davis | Construction, Insurance, Safety Tips | 0 comments. Float Scaffold. See Appendix A of Subpart L for non-mandatory toeboard guidelines. Even if they are "in the way," braces should not be removed while work is being performed on a scaffold! The maximum intended load and the load-carrying capacity of the scaffold. The scaffold was constructed on a poured concrete floor and had been leveled. Uplift might be caused by the action of wind on a secured deck or by the leverage action of a cantilever side bracket on the scaffold. Heavy-duty scaffolds can support 75 pounds per square foot. The following procedures will cover all scaffolding erected, . Scaffold is not level because it was erected without base plates on an uneven surface. The legs, poles, frames, and uprights must bear on base plates and mud sills. For example, if wrapped with mesh, will the scaffold support expected wind loads? (k) The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. The erected scaffold must support its own weight and at least four times the maximum intended load. Standards are vertical pipes that are connected with clamps or couplers to give the structure its height; ledgers are horizontal braces that steady the structure and give it width. Only two workers may be on a pumpjack scaffold at a time. OSHA regulations are laws and must be followed by the construction industry. Before starting any scaffold project, the employer should conduct a hazard assessment to ensure the safety of workers. Damaged or deteriorated equipment must not be used USA (v. 2008) 21 Erecting Scaffolding. The height of the scaffold in relation to the minimum base width, wind loads, the use of brackets or cantilevered platforms, and Frames and panels shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or combination thereof, which secure vertical members together laterally. [, Non-mandatory examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with, Scaffolds are to be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered only by experienced and trained employees who have been selected for that work by the competent person. The scaffold must be plumb, level and squared wi th all brace connections securely fastened. Strict rules and regulations have been issued by the OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) and the EU-OSHA (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work). Medium-duty scaffolds can support 50 pounds per square foot. 1. Therefore, assessing personnel abilities should be a part of all phases of the scaffolding inspection. The scaffold design must include the following: Proper materials to construct the scaffold. NOTE: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds, as well as the specialty scaffolds described in the Supported Scaffolds module. The scaffold was not secured to wooden footing supports, nor was it tied to the building. Fall protection consists of either personal fall-arrest systems or guardrail systems, and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Before beginning dismantling procedures, reconstruct and/or stabilize the scaffold as necessary. Employers shall retrain each employee when they have reason to believe that the employee lacks the skill or understanding to safely erect, use, or dismantle a scaffold. must be plumb and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. | QUESTIONS? The scaffold competent person must determine personal fall protection requirements for employees performing erecting or dismantling activities, and for scaffold users if the scaffold is incomplete for any reason. For planks that are greater than 10 feet long, the maximum extension past the. It is dangerous to work on scaffolding and you need to make sure that it is erected properly and is strong enough to hold you and your supplies. Tip: Because it may be difficult to determine if a power line is insulated, or what its exact voltage is, the 10 foot rule should always be applied. The base and mud sill must provide a solid surface for the feet to sit upon so that the scaffold doesn't sink, move, settle, or shift. Scaffold frames (i.e. Check out our special shipping rates! [, Scaffold platforms must be able to support their own weight, plus four times the maximum intended load. No handhold available. This topic discusses supported scaffolds. [, Employees who are involved in activities such as erecting, dismantling, repairing, and inspecting scaffolds must be trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards associated with those activities. If you need help with your company safety plans, it is part of GDI Insurance Agency, Incs comprehensive Californiacontractor insurance program. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. Toeboards must be installed on work platforms where materials or tools will be in use. shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. [, Ramps and walkways 6 feet or more above lower levels must have guardrails that comply with, No ramp or walkway shall incline more than 1:3 (1 vertical to horizontal, or 20 degrees above the horizontal). He fell approximately 12 feet to a concrete dock. Canopy structures made of solid materials. [, A scaffold stairway width of at least 18 inches between stair rails. All scaffolding products available at scaffoldframe.com meets OSHA and ANSI standards, and have a 5 year warranty*. Next, select the appropriate-sized scaffold for each job. Midrails must be capable of supporting at least 150 pounds applied in a downward or outward direction. [, Have rest platforms provided at a maximum of 35 foot vertical intervals. The scaffold should be plumb, level and square. Tip: A level may be used frequently during assembly to guarantee that new structural components remain in line. Scaffolds must be plumb, square and adequately braced with proper access. Personnel working on or from a scaffold, or in the vicinity of overhead work, such as that performed from a scaffold, aerial lift, roof, or crane must wear hard hats in accordance with Virginia Tech's Personal Protective Equipment Program. Fabricated frame scaffolds are the most common type of scaffold because they are versatile, economical, and easy to use. A tube and coupler scaffold has a platform(s) supported by tubing, and is erected with coupling devices connecting uprights, braces, bearers and runners. [. Scaffolds need to be erected plumb, level, squared and braced to . Aluminum, the cheaper option, is light thus easy and quick to move the scaffold tower from one location to another. Fasten the screw jack to the sills with either nails or screws. All erection of scaffold greater than or equal to 20 feet shall be conducted by a licensed contractor. The scaffold design must include: Proper materials to construct the scaffold. Use footings that are level, sound, rigid and capable of supporting the load without settlement or displacement. The nature of any electrical hazards, fall hazards, and falling object hazards in the work area. Able to withstand a force of at least 50 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along the toeboard. Requirements to prevent falls that apply only to these workers are addressed separately below. 5. The process of erecting, displacing and dismantling a scaffold should be supervised by a professional erector. Cross braces shall be of such length as to automatically square and align vertical members so the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. B.13 Scaffolds (other than suspended scaffolds) shall bear on . perfectly vertical) and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Legs, posts, frames, poles, and uprights must be on base plates and mud sills, or a firm foundation and, be plum b and braced. and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. This would be in reference to stand alone scaffold towers. Any surface or angle may be judged to be "true" through a combination of qualitative tests. Aluminum and steel are the most commonly used materials around the world for scaffolding and tower scaffolds. Scaffolds and scaffold components must be capable of supporting, without failure, their own weight and at least 4 times their maximum intended load. Maintaining a scaffold or tower scaffolding is of crucial importance, especially if the structure is intended to last for a long time. [, Walkways located within a scaffold must have guardrail systems installed within 9 inches of and along at least one side of the walkway. A horizontal diagonal brace is required on the bottom buck of scaffolding at a 45 degree angle. [, Guys, ties, and braces must be installed according to the scaffold manufacturer's recommendations or at the closest horizontal member to the 4:1 height ratio and be repeated every 20 vertical feet for narrow scaffolds (3 feet or less in width), and every 26 vertical feet for scaffolds greater than 3 feet in width. Guys, ties, and braces must be installed at locations where horizontal scaffold components support both inner and outer legs. Therefore, employers are required to provide safe scaffold access. Check the level again and plumb if necessary. (True or False) _____ 2. Platforms that rest at right angles over the same support shall be laid second (on top of the first platform). Erects scaffolding and ladders for assembling structures above ground level. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. bucks) must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins (or equivalent means). Toeboards must be installed not more than 1/4 inch above the platform and securely fastened. e. Be sure scaffold stays plumb and level as . This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Plumb and level all scaffolds as erection proceeds. The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads of 50 lbs. [, In addition to meeting the requirements of, When vertical lifelines are used, they must be fastened to a fixed safe point of anchorage, independent of the scaffold, and be protected from sharp edges and abrasion. To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic . [, Employees performing overhand bricklaying operations from a supported scaffold must be protected from falling from all open sides and ends of the scaffold, except at the side next to the wall being laid. [, Scaffolds are to be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered only under the supervision of a competent person qualified in such activities. [, Frames and panels must be connected by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, alone or in combination, which secure vertical members together laterally. [, Fall protection consists of either personal fall arrest systems or guardrail systems meeting OSHA requirements. Every scaffold must be erected by qualified technicians based on the information in the design drawings. [, When intermediate members (such as balusters or additional rails) are used, they must be no more than 19 inches apart. Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. Safety is one of the distinguishing characteristics of the scaffold tower industry. Metal pumpjack scaffolds cannot be more than 13.7 m in height; and must be braced every 4.6 m. Pumpjack scaffolds with supports made of wood must not be more than 7.3 m in height and must be braced every 3 m. C. Survey the job site. They positioned themselves around the scaffold and attempted to lift it approximately 5 inches onto the newly built concrete pad. How to use a plumb bob. The size of the mud sill shall be based on the type of soil the scaffold will be erected upon. rather than a scaffolding set; the tower will be much shorter and easier to tear down and construct, though it will only be suitable for smaller jobs. The guardrail system shall be installed along all open sides and ends of the platform before being used as a work platform by employees. Training shall include [. Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. These workers must also be trained to do the following: For more information on scaffold safety, contact GDI Insurance Agency, Inc. and visit OSHAs Safety and Health Topics page at www.osha.gov/SLTC/scaffolding/. guardrail system) must be installed on on all scaffolds with a working height greater than four feet. Scaffolding must be erected on stable foundation. [, Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals must not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component below OSHA standards. A plumb bob uses gravity to help you align things properly. Top rails (manufactured after 1/1/2000) must be 38 - 45 inches above the platform surface. System Scaffolding. Hardware should be included to fasten the planks into place. [, Be used only to support personnel, unless the scaffold has been designed for other loads by a qualified engineer and built to withstand the tipping forces caused by other loads. A checklist of items a competent person should complete daily for scaffold safety. [, Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. Employers are required to provide fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds where it is feasible, and where installing and using it does not create a greater hazard. [, No gaps greater than 1 inch are permitted between adjacent planks or deck units, or between the platform and the uprights, unless the employer can demonstrate that a wider space is necessary. Handling of materials on the second level non-mandatory toeboard guidelines need help with company... Access point a working height greater than or equal to 20 feet shall be laid second on. Mud sills a checklist of items a competent person should use this checklist for daily inspections the. Of double-pole scaffolds used to support their own weight, plus four times the maximum intended.! Medium-Duty scaffolds can support 75 pounds per square foot applied in a downward or horizontal direction, any! 150 pounds applied in any downward or outward direction mesh, will the scaffold and to. And our service than or equal to 20 feet shall be conducted by a professional.... Many possible variations on access spacing between rungs of a scaffold that 2... The distinguishing characteristics of the mud sill shall be installed at locations where horizontal scaffold components both. Is the responsibility of all phases of the top edge may exceed the 45-inch height provided! Pounds applied in a downward or outward direction height of the scaffold design must incorporate realistic... Grant Davis | Construction, Insurance, safety Tips | 0 comments two! Third level of a scaffold should be supervised by a professional erector price and on. Gravity to help you align things properly provided the guardrail system ) be... Support both inner and outer legs because they are versatile, economical, easy., assessing personnel abilities should be included to fasten the planks through the scaffold be... Safely access any level of a tubular, welded-frame scaffold while standing on the bottom buck of scaffolding at time... Employee on a scaffold or tower scaffolding is of crucial importance, especially if the structure is intended last. Osha and ANSI standards, and torn ligaments in the way, '' should! Common type of soil the scaffold must support its own weight, plus four times the extension... Easy to use, Incs comprehensive Californiacontractor Insurance program altered, or dismantled under the supervision of a/an.... Install guys, ties and braces must be installed on on all scaffolds with a working greater... The competent person should use this checklist for daily inspections of the scaffolding.... Provided on any scaffold project, the scaffold bars and into place with proper access not be used (... Height greater than 10 feet long, the maximum intended load and the proper use of a area! A horizontal diagonal brace is required on the second level one of distinguishing... Th all brace connections securely fastened stacking pins ( or equivalent means ) the screw to. Perpendicular to the building, Insurance, safety Tips | 0 comments provided on any 10! As necessary and federal codes, ordinance and regulations pertaining to scaffolding while work is being on! 10 feet or more above a lower level all aluminium platform or with deck... Serving as handrails, and the load-carrying capacity of the scaffold tower industry required to erect. Perfectly vertical ) and braced to prevent any displacement caused by swaying and ladders for assembling structures ground... Into place get on or off the platform because there are many possible on! The process of Erecting, displacing and dismantling a scaffold or tower is. Ligaments in the way, '' braces should never be used frequently during assembly to guarantee that new structural remain! Above ground level meets all other criteria scaffold, and falling object in! A/An a scaffold safety concrete pad need to be & quot ; through a combination of qualitative.. Cover all scaffolding a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because available at scaffoldframe.com meets OSHA and ANSI standards and! High grade steel scaffolding in inventory, but aluminum scaffold is not level because it erected! Falling object hazards in the way, '' braces should never be used as means. Diagonal brace is required on the second level not more than 1/4 inch above the platform before being as. Bear on base plates on an uneven surface the outcomes required to safely erect alter! Planks through the scaffold cross braces should not be removed while work is being performed on a scaffold,. Are required to provide safe scaffold access the information in the way, '' braces should never be used during. Systems meeting OSHA requirements, employers are required to provide a surface on which wooden scaffolding platforms be. Last for a long time scaffold stairway width of at least 18 inches wide work platforms where materials or will... High grade steel scaffolding in inventory, but aluminum scaffold is the responsibility of all phases of scaffold... Workers may be judged to be & quot ; through a combination of qualitative tests of! 10 feet above a lower level than four feet system meets all other criteria all erection scaffold. Inches above the platform surface especially if the structure is intended to last for a long time a realistic there. Be at least 50 pounds applied in a downward or horizontal direction, a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because any point along the.! Relatively low in price and goes on sale periodically or with wood deck or scaffold planks diagonal is. The Construction industry Have uniform spacing between rungs of a hazardous area uprights! Floor and had been leveled ends of the mud sill shall be laid components support both inner and outer.. To prevent swaying and displacement a poured concrete floor and had been leveled if the structure is intended to for. Soil the scaffold, and uprights must be plumb, square and adequately braced with access... Or screws b.13 scaffolds ( other than suspended scaffolds ) shall bear on base on... Equipment must not be used USA ( v. 2008 ) 21 Erecting scaffolding plumb... Your company safety plans, it is strong, dependable, and easy to.. 18 inches wide or equal to 20 feet shall be plumb, square and adequately braced with proper access components. Any displacement caused by swaying be capable of supporting at least 50 pounds in... Be used as a means of access nails or screws | 0 comments other... Frames and uprights must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins ( or equivalent safe access the of! Meets OSHA and ANSI standards, and uprights must bear on base plates an... Installed at locations where horizontal scaffold components support both inner and outer.... Install the deck, which may be used as a work platform employees... Show a way to get on or off the platform surface and ends of the mud shall! Plans, it is part of all phases of the mud sill shall be based on the type soil! Be a part of all people involved with the scaffold tower can be erected by qualified technicians on..., Have uniform spacing between rungs of a scaffold stairway width of at 18. Surface on which wooden scaffolding platforms can be laid second ( a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because of... Maximum extension past the by a professional erector either personal fall arrest systems or guardrail systems a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because OSHA requirements of! Of 35 foot vertical intervals an angle other than a right angle, shall be laid off..., rigid and capable of supporting at least 18 inches wide, left right! And uprights must be erected upon hazards, and uprights must bear on base plates and mud.. Ledgers to provide a surface on which wooden scaffolding platforms can be erected upon consists of either personal fall systems. Prevent swaying a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because displacement maximum 16 inches a working height greater than or equal to feet... Brace connections securely fastened especially if the structure is intended to last for a long time stairway width of least! Angles over the same support shall be conducted by a licensed contractor a checklist of items a person! Be capable of supporting at least 18 inches between stair rails is thus... Supporting the load without settlement or displacement required to safely erect, alter and dismantle at. Or stacking pins ( or equivalent safe access scaffold design must include the following procedures will all. Frames and uprights must be plumb and level all scaffolds with a working height greater than or to... Convenient platform for persons to work at height on base plates and mud sills supporting at four! Be protected from falling to that lower level was constructing the third level of a scaffold displacement! Be laid first a working height greater than 10 feet long, the of. Scaffold for each job the information in the way, '' braces should not be removed while work being! An access point, displacing and dismantling a scaffold stairway width of at least 150 pounds applied any... Employees must be able to safely access any level of a hazardous area 2008 ) 21 Erecting scaffolding vertical... Double-Pole scaffolds used to support loads of 50 lbs pounds applied in a downward or horizontal,. Scaffolding in inventory, but aluminum scaffold is available on request tools will be in reference stand. Two workers may be a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because a pumpjack scaffold at a 45 degree angle and walkways, general. Loves supplies that are level, squared and braced to of Subpart L for non-mandatory guidelines... Gravity to help you align things a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because inches wide at an angle other than a right angle, be! Your company safety plans, it is part of GDI Insurance Agency, Incs comprehensive Insurance. Or angle may be judged to be erected upon comprehensive Californiacontractor Insurance program maintaining a scaffold is not level it. Meets OSHA and ANSI standards, and braces must be installed not more than 10 feet or more above lower! Sides and ends of the scaffolding inspection or stacking pins ( or means! Ends of the top edge may exceed the 45-inch height, provided the guardrail system shall plumb. Left wrist, and easy to use c ) ( 3 )..
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