wonnarua family tree

On his return into the dock, the reverend interpreter stated, that the constable in charge of the prisoner had just been using him with unnecessary roughness ; upon which the constable (John Proctor) was interrogated from the bench, and he stated that the prisoner made an effort to free himself entirely from his clothes. Taking away the boys.On the evening of the day preceding the principal cere- mony, all the tribes remove their camps close to the kackaroo, or public ring, where they remain for the night. Wading through the complexities of the situation is now the responsibility of Ms Ley. In most seasons the blacks slept between two small fires, getting the warmth on both sides of their bodies so that they could slumber in a reasonable degree of comfort. The Wonnarua. It was probably at this site that my great-great- grandmothers kinship fathers passed those intermediate days between boyhood and manhood. The novices are now given a new name, and are permitted to mix with the men, but must not go among the women until they have attended a few more keeparras, and have lost their boyish voice. They then throw down the boughs, and go away back to their comrades, who have remained at the place where they painted themselves, and all of them now approach the goonambang, lightly tapping their boomerangs together as they walk along, and on arriving at the ring they form a circle round it. The flesh was a delicate white color, and I confess that I tasted it one one occasion only and found it good. Dungog (aboriginal Tunkok, signifying Clear Hills) witnessed the closing scene of the drama, when the law of the land intervened and one solitary black was hanged for complicity in the raid, the place of execution being on or about the present site of the police station of that town. Early in the thirties the A.A. Coy. The whites, themselves, being oppressed with scarcity and dearth of provisions, were forced to withdraw that countenance and support they had formerly afforded to the blacks, and that was indeed the cause of all the mischief that occurred some little time since. Almost every evening one of the tribes present gets up a corroboree for the amusement of the others. That this method was a good one I can bear strong testimony, for the natural juices were preserved within the fish, and the flesh tasted better than when treated any other way. *Wonnarua Dreamtime Legend When these leaves get dry, it will be considered about time to bring the boys back to the Kweealbang. In 1882, Maitland schoolteacher John Fraser wrote what he thought was an authoritative work on the Aborigines of NSW and used the word Gringai when referring to a group of Aborigines in the Dungog area but made no connection between that group and the Aborigines who lived in or around Sydney. The wordgames anagrams, crossword, Lettris and Boggle are provided by Memodata. men acting as general advisers, but by what authority I never knew. Climactically the upper tooth was extracted by an elder and the slightest indication of objection or pain resulted in ridicule. Most of the Gringai were named Kumbo, but there were some Ipai, Kubbi and Murri among them. Day broke and the sleeping blacks arose. 1844, my father, John Scott, being employed in a secretarial capacity at Carrington by the Australian Agricultural Company. The edges of the space were raised about nine inches. This being done, the whole force of the assembled tribes came up, running, shouting, and striking their shields with their clubs, and using a roarer which produced the most fearful and unnatural sounds. Groups living near the Wonnarua include the Darkinjung and the Wirad. This is done in the following, manner: At the end of a certain time of probation, which is fixed by the headmen, the neophytes, painted and dressed as men of the tribe, are brought to a fire near the mens camp, where there is food ready laid on rugs spread upon the ground. If the earth is damp, owing to recent rains, pieces of bark stripped from the adjacent trees, or heaps of bushes, are laid on the ground for the women to lie on. The local tribe also shift away to another part of their own hunting grounds. About the early part of the year 1835, when the Rawden Bros, held all the country from Cobakh (Cobark) to Berrico, under the management of the late L. McKenzie, the whole run was then known as Kerripit (kangaroo rat), taking the name from the mountain at Rawdon Vale. If a boy wants anything, he must touch his guardian, who then commences asking him the most likely things, until he guesses correctly, when the boy nods assent. The settlers of Port Stephens, reinforced by the small body of time expired soldiers, retained by the A.A. Coy, proceeded direct to the scene.. . The white men, who are still holding each others hands, swing their arms up and down as. The men at the camp pull the leaves off the boughs thrown down by the keerang, who sit down at one end of the clear space. The canoes were greatly prized by them and were so fragile that they would not stand rough usage. I also gave them a musket. like shoulder-belts. Learn more about this collection acquired by Alexander Morrison in the New South Wales Hunter Valley during in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Filling in under the logs with stones fitted, or saplings, with twigs woven in and out to let thee smaller fish get away. The black warriors lay down and died all around. At Port Stephens the tribe was happily situated in the matter of provender. When such a contingent gets within about a days journey of the main camp, a messenger is sent on to report that they will arrive next day or the day following. In a new document, Filling A Void, the heritage office says there is no record of the word Guringai or any of its derivatives, including Ku-ring-gai, in any of the early accounts of the colony after white settlement and no hint that the Aborigines of the northern beaches or any other part of Sydney had ever heard the word. The main camp of the natives who were present at the ceremonies was pitched in an open forest, on some gently sloping ground a few chains easterly from the left bank of a small watercourse, a tributary of the Allyn River, within Portion No. The Kabook and Watoo people of the Gringai clan of the Worimi Nation (The Cook family) have lived continually in the Barrington for over 189 years recorded by the first white settlers 1826, until the present Cook Family Descendants from the Kabook and Watoo people speak the Kattang (or Gathang) language and it has been recorded that they are the last of the true custodians and Clan within the boundaries of the Allyn and Williams river up stream to Gummi Falls on the Manning River known as Kummi Kummi (Place of many Crystal stones), Barrington Tops (Beann Beann), Rawdon Vale, Barrington, Gloucester up to the Manning river down to Cresford the Karuah River and the Bulliac Tugrabakh Bora Ground area, some 13km from Gloucester. All the men at the goonambang then start towards the kackaroo in single file, march- ing in a meandering course, and shouting as they go. Rubbing the palms together he would cause the upright stick he held to revolve rapidly, the point gradually boring Its way through the pith beneath. The prisoner being ordered to stand remanded, Mr. Nichols rose to state a circumstance regarding the unfortu- nate man which had come under his personal observation. The headman does not take this step on his own responsibility, but after due consultation with the elders of his tribe. Company despatched their small body of veterans time-expired soldiers from Carrington to supplement the civilians, but the soldiers never reached the scene of operations, having halted and retired when within 6 miles of the station, fearing an ambush, leaving the decision to the two civilian bodies, who enacted a terrible vengeance. These men were not allowed possession of fire arms. They learned to track the native animals, became wise in the ways of fish and bird, and made a game of life generally. The spirit of Kawal is embodied in the wedge tailed eagle, found throughout the Hunter Valley. Letters must be adjacent and longer words score better. Naturally they avoided as much as possible the necessity of going through this process. When they are considered ready to be made full members of the tribe the elders hold a convention and decide on a bumbat being held, generally when there are three or four youths to be initiated. No longer would they eat the female species of game, or collect fruits and yams or even eat with the women. The coffin was lifted upon the shoulders. from 1820 to 1921 by A.N. Its flat top can still be seen to this day, near Wollombi Valley. After the novices have been about a week at the keelaybang another mob of men from the womens camp make their appearance during the afternoon. The men, exultant over the result of their prowess would immediately proceed to make a fire. Perhaps there were fewer than that. Before 1788 it covered 90% of the country and comprised about 300 languages. This beating of boomerangs and stamping is repeated till the men get quite close to the back of the goonambang. At Port Stephens there were two varieties in general use. The old men stretched themselves out on the ground and howled dreadfully. The soldiers came by boat via Newcastle and landing at Clarence Town marched in search of the tribe of blacks. The apron was probably a European conceit. (Vinnicombe 1980: VI 4), was also eaten at Lake Macquarie (Threlkeld in Gunson 1974:55) and in the Dungog area (Ebsworth 1826:71), where it was called Bungwall. The section of the tree intended to be used for the purpose was first shaped in the rough and then put In the sea water for a lengthy period until the sap had gone and the tissue toughened. I believe the blacks had a story about them, but I do not know it. All rights reserved. What was going through the minds of the initiates on this walk would have been awe-inspiring. Venerable men, and men of distinction were buried with much ceremony, but ordinary members of the tribe, and females, were disposed of in a perfunctory man- ner. The young boys were carefully instructed by the elders of the tribe for long periods before the actual ceremonies began. After a great deal of fuss the men announced that they would make an- other attempt to find the poomblts, and to the accompaniment of clashing spears and hoarse shoutings, dashed out into the screen of bushes again. river was deep in those days), and would climb along a steep bank hanging on by the skin of their teeth. In those days the flying-foxes were plentiful around Port Stephens there being a densely populated harborage on Cabbage Tree. 3. They [the Gringai] are afraid of Coen, an evil spirit of the woods, which they say crammer (steals) them when they are nangry (asleep). The mans widow then made her camp fire by the grave-side, and every evening as the sun was sinking, she began her loud mournful wailing for the dead. At last matters became so unbearable to the blacks that they decided upon revenge and one cold misty morning in August 1838 they rushed the hut, in which seven shepherds were living at Wottenbak, just above the present Rawdon- Vale Cobark crossing, on the Cobark side of the Barrington, and after a desperate fight killed six of the sheep herds. To maintain the blaze the simple expedient was adopted of pushing a long pole into the flames, and shoving it forward from time to time as the top wag consumed. So long as it wa s well warmed in the fire they would eat it with avidity. The new-comer announced hls name and business and within a few seconds the whole crowd were jabbering ex-citedly and happily. 30 Editable Family Tree Templates [100% Free] March 27, 2021 8 Mins Read. The novices are also forbidden to eat certain kinds of food until relieved from this restriction by the old men. The mothers of the novices stand in a row facing the fire, the other women being behind them (Fig. I have seen small nails used for tipping spears, lances made in this fashion being particularly dead- ly. Tho leader, scanning the. [citation needed], It was forbidden to mention or talk about the name of Baiame publicly. The marsupials ran in large mobs, easily driven by the nimble natives to a point where waiting groups could spear them with ease. Take your designs to the next level. Oysters were to be had for the gathering, and the blacks appreciated the succulent shell-fish mightily. This cruel happening was not discovered by the boss for quite a time and when it was the man was sent to Newcastle, but it remains unknown what his fate was life was cheap then. On the way they paint their bodies with powdered charcoal, obtained by burning the bark of the apple tree or bloodwood, and mixing it with grease. They extended up the Hunter Valley as far as Singleton. The men then paint themselves with white stripes on their chests, on their arms, and on their legs from the knee down. The Earliest Inhabitants - Aboriginal Tribes of the District. [5], The Wonnarua people appeared to use a similar language to the Awabakal people, called Awabakal language, that is being reviewed by oral historians and linguists in order to develop a comprehensive dictionary of the language of the Hunter River and Lake Macquarie regions. We would like to acknowledge the Wonnarua people who are the traditional custodians of this land. There are indications that yams (Dioscorea transversa) were eaten elsewhere on the coast (Scott l929:4l) and Backhouse (1843:399) noted that in the Raymond Terrace area, in the more fertile spots by the sides of brooks, there was a species of Yam, the root of which was eaten by the Aborigines. The Gloucester Advocate 22 March 1935. This cleared space and its adjuncts is called kweealbang (fire place, or place of the fire). Some of the men go to the goonambang and camp there, and during the night they swing a bull-roarer at intervals, and the women at the kackaroo beat their rugs and sing in response, whilst the men give the customary shout. Explore cultural objects, art and technology in the Australian Museum's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island Collection. They disappeared in a northerly direction but were pursued by a party of armed soldiers and assigned servants and overtaken some twenty miles away. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> There were short boards nailed across the dangerous parts. On the 30th last I discov- ered in the bush opposite iny residence, three head of Mr Myles cattle speared. The gaps between the ties of the vines at stem and stern would be plugged with clay, so skilfully introduced that the whole craft would be absolutely watertight. Nor would they return to the original spot for months. This pointer is left for the purpose of guiding to the kweealbang camp any tribe which is expected, but has not yet arrived. When it is thought that they have seen this sufficiently, they are requested to turn their faces towards the ground as before. They were very neatly made and provided both warmth and protection from rain when occasion arose. About the middle 30s there occurred a grim tragedy on the A. With this Captain Moffatt very promptly complied, and the men were mounted and off in an hour, and Mr. Chas. They were all howling in company; the females more treble than the rest. %%EOF The Dungog blacks spoke practically the same language as all the coastal tribes from the Manning River as far south as Botany Bay. A curious practice obtained among these tribes, that of flattening the childrens nose by the mother to improve its appearance. We acknowledge Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as the First Australians and Traditional Custodians of the lands where we live, learn, and work. They were always so covered while the fire dancing was on. A. Vocabularies of the Manning RIver and Hunter river in Edward M Currs The. A. Cos men had sought shelter. At the keelaybang a camp is formed by erecting a long, continuous gunyah or mia-mia in the following manner. Their creation spirit is Baiami, also known as Koin, is the creator of all things and the Keeper of the Valley. This puts the novices in a great state of anxiety and alarm, but they are not allowed to speak or gaze about them. Then they advance a few paces, and stamp one foot on the ground, and the hosts answer heh! By working the cords the wood was made to revolve rapidly, giving out the noise that gladdened their young hearts. They called their nocturnal operation kroji or koradji, and were in great terror of them. Dungog Chronicle : Durham and Gloucester Advertiser (NSW : 1894 - 1954) Tue 9 May 1922 Page 3 CONFLICTS WITH THE NATIVES. For weeks and weeks he would labor, fashioning with the crude tools at his command, such things as he believed would bring him the best return in his bartering. All along, one side of this top rail, reaching from it to the ground, bark and bushes are. It is thought that they would eat it with avidity made in this fashion being dead-!, exultant over the result of their own hunting grounds and Murri among.! 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